International Conference on Hematology and Oncology June 29- July 1, 2017 Bangkok, Thailand

Pediatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the medical care of infants, children, adolescents and the age limit usually ranges from birth up to 18 years of age medical practitioner who specializes in this area is known as a pediatrician. Pediatric Hematology is the branch of science that is the dealing of blood related problems in of infants, children and adolescents. The Division of Pediatric Hematology cares for patients with diseases of the blood or blood-forming organs with the latest technologies and scientific discoveries, bolstered by a history of clinical excellence. The division maintains active clinical practices in both inpatient and outpatient units and provides a number of important services, including the Comprehensive Hemophilia Treatment.

Hematopathology is the branch of pathology which studies diseases of hematopoietic cells that is the blood cells. This includes the study of Molecular hematopoietic pathology, Metabolism of hematological cells, Clinical Biochemical Genetics and Genetic Molecular Pathology. The Hematopathology provides diagnostic services and specialized testing for patients with all types of leukemia, lymphoma and benign hematologic disorders. Cell Kinetics uses multicolor flow cytometry to immunophenotypically detect and characterize neoplastic hematolymphoid cells. Metabolic Hematology detects abnormal hemoglobins, red blood cell enzyme deficiencies and cytoskeletal abnormalities, Molecular Hematopathology analyzes RNA or DNA to detect and quantify genetic abnormalities useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of hematologic malignancies, Hematopathology Morphology performs complete blood counts and analyzes cellular morphology in peripheral blood and some body fluids. Special Coagulation performs testing to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of patients who may have bleeding or clotting disorders. Special DNA Coagulation concentrates on the identification of genetic abnormalities associated with hereditary bleeding and clotting disorders.

Hematologic Oncology or Blood cancers affect the production and function of the blood cells. Most of these cancers start in the bone marrow where blood is produced. Stem cells in your bone marrow mature and develop into three types of blood cells. In most blood cancers the normal blood cell development process is interrupted by uncontrolled growth of an abnormal type of blood cell. These abnormal blood cells also known as cancerous cells prevent your blood from performing many of its functions like fighting off infections or preventing serious bleeding. Acute lymphocytic leukemia is a cancer that starts from the early version of white blood cells called lymphocytes in the bone marrow. Acute Myeloid Leukemia which affects the blood and bone marrow and is characterized by an overproduction of immature white blood cells. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a type of cancer that starts from cells that become certain lymphocytes in the bone marrow these cancer cells start in the bone marrow but then go into the blood. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia affects the blood and bone marrow by producing too many white blood cells. Lymphoma is the type blood cancers that develop in the lymphatic system. Myeloma also known as Multiple Myeloma arising from Plasma Cells. Myelodysplastic Syndromes are a group of diverse bone marrow disorders in which the bone marrow does not produce enough healthy blood cells.

Stem cell transplantation also known as Bone Marrow transplantation is mainly used to treat blood cancer. Marrow is the soft, spongy tissue inside bones. It contains cells called hematopoietic stem cells. These cells can turn into several other types of cells. They can turn into more bone marrow cells and they can also turn into any type of blood cell. Certain cancers and other diseases keep hematopoietic stem cells from developing normally. A stem cell transplant gives new stem cells. The new stem cells can make new and healthy blood cells. An Autologous Transplant is a type of transplant that uses the person's own stem cells which are preserved earlier and used later. In an allogeneic transplant procedure the patient receives bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells from another person. Umbilical cord blood is an alternative hematopoietic stem cell source for patients with hematologic diseases who can be cured by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Human leukocyte antigen haplotype-mismatched transplant for hematological neoplasms is controversial.

Genes are known to cause many infectious as well as non-communicable diseases like cancer. In the same way genes also play a major role in blood disorders and blood diseases. Thalassemia is the inherited blood disorders that can result in the abnormal formation of hemoglobin.  Sickle Cell Anemia is the severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels. Hemophilia is a rare bleeding disorder in which the blood doesn't clot normally. Hemoglobinopathy is a kind of genetic defect that results in abnormal structure of one of the globin chains of the hemoglobin molecule.

Clinical Hematology for patients with hematological disorders both benign and malignant besides providing laboratory hematology investigative and therapeutic backup. This mainly involves the study in the lab that is clinical analysis of anything related to hematology where Clinical Instrumentation is very important. It includes general principles of human physiology and clinical laboratory operation as well as hematology topics such as blood cell formation, anemia, leukemia, coagulation disorders. In the Clinical Hematology the Quality control and Medical Significance is the prior.

After the physical examination, for the detection of blood disorders Physician usually go for Complete blood count (CBC). This is the basic test after that to diagnose a person's blood disorder, the doctor usually must do further blood tests Once a doctor/consultant finds that something is wrong with one or more of the blood cell types, many additional tests are available for further detection of disease. Doctors can measure proportion of the different types of WBCs (white blood cells) and can also determine subtypes of these cells by assessing certain markers on the surface of the cells. Tests are performed to measure the ability of white blood cells to fight foreign body/ infection, to evaluate the functioning of blood platelets and their ability to clot and to check the contents of red blood cells to help determine the cause of anemia or why the cells are not functioning properly. Most of these tests are done on blood samples, but sometime require a bone marrow sample as well for Bone Marrow Examination. Once the problem is diagnosed Hematologists go for the appropriate treatment for particular problem.  Now a days we have several methods to treat blood cancers such as Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy etc. Now a days advanced technique such as gene therapy is being used to treat Blood disorders. Researchers are attempting to search out ways that to correct the defective genes that cause Blood Disorders. Gene therapy hasn't nonetheless developed to the purpose that it's accepted treatment for Blood Disorder. However, researchers still take a look at gene therapy in clinical trials. Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hematopoietic stem cell therapy and Cord blood transplantation are new rising varieties of treatment for blood disorders.   

It takes special nurses to work in the field of hematology, a field which is highly challenging and equally rewarding. This is mainly for the patients with hematological disorders and diseases.

Hematology/Oncology researchers are making important discoveries in diverse fields, ranging from the most fundamental cellular investigations, to the most leading edge translational and clinical research. New advances in cancer and hematology treatment are occurring every day, giving patients hope that even greater discoveries lie ahead. Through clinical trials Diagnosing cancer has become more precise, Radiation and surgical techniques have advanced, Medications are more successful, Combinations of medical, surgical and radiation therapy are improving treatment effectiveness and enhancing outcomes. Strategies to address the late effects of cancer and hematology and its treatment are improving quality of life.

Advancing novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of malignancy into the marketplace is an increasingly costly and lengthy process. As such, new strategies for drug discovery are needed. Drug repurposing represents an opportunity to rapidly advance new therapeutic strategies into clinical trials at a relatively low cost. Known on-patent or off-patent drugs with unrecognized anticancer activity can be rapidly advanced into clinical testing for this new indication by leveraging their known pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicology. Using this approach, academic groups can participate in the drug discovery field and smaller biotechnology companies early-stage drug discovery projects. Here, several scientific approaches used to identify drug repurposing opportunities are highlighted with a focus on hematologic malignancies. In addition a discussion of the regulatory issues that are unique to drug repurposing and how they impact developing old drugs for new indications is included. Finally, the mechanisms to enhance drug repurposing through increased collaborations between academia, industry and nonprofit charitable organizations are discussed.

Surgical procedures can pose a risk for patients with bleeding disorders or clotting disorders. There should be lot of care taken for the patients. It is important to involve a hematologist in pre and post-surgical care. The important and first step to take in the surgical care is to adjust the surgery as per the patient and form the Drug strategies according to that and transfusion of blood at right time and finally clot filters.

The name of cancer is based on the location of cancer cells occur in particular organ.  There are more than 200 different types of cancer diagnosed. Among them Lung cancer, breast cancer are the most common cancer diagnosed cancer. Apart from these Prostate Cancer, Colon Cancer, Bladder Cancer, Oral Cancer, Skin Cancer, Bone Cancer, Thyroid Cancer, Gastro-intestinal Cancer are the most common type cancer. Depending upon the location of cancer the causes, symptoms and method of treatments varies. Carcinoma, Sarcoma, leukemia, lymphoma and melanoma are the types of cancer found in different organs. 

Tumor pathology deals with the pathology reports that contain the cancer examining cells and tissues. Pathology reports give the information about the types of tumor or cancer. Weather the tissue or cell is cancerous or not, where the cancer started, different types of cancer such as melanoma, carcinoma and lymphoma is determined by the pathology reports. For classification, management and diagnosis of cancers like non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia Flowcytometry can be used.

This session is designed to share important information and latest advancements related to blood disorders, blood cancer and various types of cancers and the issues with Hematology which discuss about the Patients and Public Involvement, Quality Improvement, Clinical Outcomes of the topics related and Tips and Tricks for the treatments.